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Ingestion of Feces and Foreign Objects in Dogs
Coprophagia and Pica in Dogs
Pica is a medical issue referring to a dog's craving of a non-food item and the subsequent eating of said item. Coprophagia, meanwhile, is the eating and ingesting of feces.
Generally, neither of these conditions are the result of an underlying disease, however, it can occur. Fortunately, there are treatment options in these types of cases, or behavior modification practices that can be implemented if it is a non-medical issue.
The condition or disease described in this medical article can affect both dogs and cats.
Symptoms and Types
You
may observe the dog eating dirt, clay, rocks, soap, or other items that
can endanger the dog’s health. The largest organ system that is
affected by this behavior is the gastrointestinal tract, especially if
foreign objects are being swallowed. You may notice that the dog is
vomiting, has loose stools, or has diarrhea. There may be weakness and
lethargy in the dog.
Causes
There
are several possible causes of dogs eating their own feces or other
non-food items, including malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, increased
appetite, or conditions such as diabetes, or thyroid disease. Parasites
can be another of the causes for this behavior.
Sometimes a dog will eat their feces if there are undigested articles of food in their stool. Mothers with newborns will also commonly eat the feces of their newborns. As such, puppies may eat feces as an observation of the mother's behavior or as part of exploration. In addition, a dog may eat feces as a response to recent punishment, to get attention or because it desires to clean its environmental area
Medical Causes:
•Inflammatory bowel disease
•Diabetes
•Intestinal parasites
•Anemia
•Increased hunger
•Neurological disease
•Vitamin deficiency
•Malnutrition
•Thyroid disease
Diagnosis
Your
veterinarian will be looking to distinguish between medical and
behavioral causes. A full physical examination will be recommended to
rule out underlying medical causes. If it is not due to a medical
condition, the veterinarian will conduct a full history on the dog,
including its diet and appetite, handling practices, and information
about its environment. This will assist the veterinarian in developing a
proper treatment plan.
Treatment
The
treatment will also depend on whether the underlying cause is medical
or behavioral in nature. For instance, if it is behavioral in nature,
your veterinarian may recommend changing the dog's environment or using
forms of behavior modification, such as a muzzle. Moreover, limit the
dog's access to any non-food items in the home.
Living and Management
Follow up is recommended during the first few months following the initial treatment of the dog.
Prevention
Prevention
of this type of behavior will require limiting the dog's access to
non-food items, or applying a bitter or pungent taste to such items to
discourage regular consumption or chewing. Keeping the dog's area clean
and disposing of waste promptly will also bar the dog's access to feces.
In addition,
dietary needs must be met to be sure that the dog is being supplied with
all of its vitamin and nutritional needs, and to be sure that the dog
is being fed the required amount of food.
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